New study expands access, improves knee replacement care
By Marzena McDonald, London Health Sciences Centre
Scientists at Western University and London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute (LHSCRI) have discovered that weight-bearing computed tomography (CT) may help patients who require knee replacements receive faster, less invasive diagnoses and better care.
The study, published in the Journal of Orthopaedic Research , uncovered that weight-bearing CT scans can provide the same accurate results as a specialized X-ray technique called radiostereometric analysis (RSA).
Matthew Teeter, PhD, says weight-bearing CTs may help catch implant loosening earlier, resulting in better patient outcomes. (London Health Sciences Centre)
RSA uses X-rays and tiny marker beads placed in bones and joints to track how they move and change over time. However, RSA is only available in about a dozen health-care organizations worldwide, while weight-bearing CT machines are more common, with over 175 health-care organizations using them worldwide – which could give more patients access and help improve the standard of care.
The study showed weight-bearing CT scans are reliable for evaluating implant loosening in patients after knee replacement surgery. It found that this more accessible technology can offer precise imaging, improving the detection of knee implant failures that might require additional surgeries.
“Weight-bearing CTs are more accessible than RSA, and our research shows they produce the same reliable results,” said lead researcher Matthew Teeter, PhD, associate professor with the Department of Medical Biophysics and scientist at LHSCRI. “This could enhance care before and after knee replacement surgery without the need to surgically insert marker beads to monitor knee implant movement."
“Without access to highly specialized RSA, surgeons rely on standard X-rays to monitor knee implants, but these may not catch the subtle bone changes indicating an implant is becoming loose,” he added. “If loosening is not caught early, then surgery becomes more complicated because it requires larger metal implants to replace the bone that re-absorbs around the loose implant. Weight-bearing CTs may help us catch it earlier, have more successful surgeries and have better outcomes for patients.”
